miércoles, 2 de noviembre de 2016

Toma el control, que las drogas no te controlen.


¿Que Son Las Sustancias Psicoactivas?
Son todas aquellas sustancias que alteran la función del cerebro, perturbando y/o alterando el comportamiento debido a que tienen un alto impacto sobre el sistema nervioso central y modifican su funcionamiento.

¿Cuáles Son Los Tipos De Consumo?
Consumo Experimental.
Ensayos fortuitos, generalmente con amigos íntimos, dentro de un lapso de tiempo limitado. La motivación fundamental es la curiosidad. El deseo por experimentar cosas nuevas lleva a la persona a consumir de manera esporádica.
Uso Socio-Recreativo.
El consumo es más regular que en la categoría anterior, tiene lugar voluntariamente, entre amigos y conocidos, y se busca compartir una experiencia agradable. El motivo principal de uso es la facilitación del comportamiento social, con efectos rápidos y pasajeros y sin consecuencias posteriores importantes. Estos sujetos no parecen tender a un uso incontrolado y casi nunca la consumen solos. Este tipo de consumo se da especialmente en momentos de diversión.

¿Cuáles Son Las Consecuencias  Del Consumo De Drogas?
Entre las consecuencias del abuso de drogas podemos señalar:
- Trastornos fisiológicos y psicológicos: entre los trastornos fisiológicos tenemos el síndrome de abstinencia, convulsiones, cambios en el ritmo cardíaco, deterioro del sistema nervioso central, etc. Entre los trastornos psicológicos tenemos: alucinaciones, tendencias paranoicas, depresión, neurosis, etc.
- Deterioro y debilitamiento de la voluntad: el drogadicto se vuelve literalmente un esclavo de la droga, pudiendo hacer lo que sea para conseguirla.
- Deterioro de las relaciones personales: el drogadicto ya no es capaz de mantener relaciones estables, ya sea con familiares o amigos. Muchas veces roba o engaña para poder conseguir droga, lo cual deteriora aún más sus relaciones.
- Baja del rendimiento en el trabajo o en el estudio. Se llega al grado de abandonar metas y planes, recurriendo a la droga como única "solución".
- Consecuencias sociales: el drogadicto puede verse involucrado en agresiones o conflictos. Bajo la influencia de la droga se pueden llegar a cometer crímenes tales como robos o asesinatos.
- Consecuencias económicas: El uso de drogas puede llegar a ser muy caro, llevando al drogadicto a destinar todos sus recursos para mantener el consumo.
Las drogas no solamente tienen consecuencias negativas para quienes las usan. También se ven afectadas las personas que rodean al drogadicto, especialmente las de su entorno más cercano, como familiares y amigos. No es sólo la vida del drogadicto la que está en juego.

Entonces…. ¿Cómo Podemos Favorecer Nuestra Salud Mental?.

-Estableciendo buenas relaciones interpersonales con las personas que nos rodean.
-Manteniendo estilos de vida saludable.
-Teniendo seguridad y confianza en sí mismos.
-Teniendo claro nuestro proyecto de vida.

¿Qué es estilo de vida?
Es el conjunto de actividades que una persona, pueblo, grupo social y familia realiza diariamente o con determinada frecuencia; todo depende de sus conocimientos, necesidades, posibilidades económicas, entre otros aspectos.
Cuando se mantiene un estilo de vida SALUDABLE se involucran actividades que no causan efectos negativos sobre la salud, entre los cuales se encuentran:
Alimentación correcta, práctica de actividad física y manejo adecuado del estrés.

¡A favor de una alimentación correcta!: Adoptar un nuevo estilo de alimentación implica disminuir el contenido de calorías, además, comer bien significa disfrutar de un buen sabor, así como de una buena nutrición. Ésta se puede lograr tomando en cuentas las siguientes características para asegurar una sana alimentación y por lo tanto salud: completa, equilibrada, suficiente, variada: integral, inocua (significa que el consumo habitual de los alimentos no implica riesgos para la salud, porque están libres de microorganismos dañinos, toxinas y contaminantes) y  adecuada.

Actividad Física
La actividad física (A.F.) se define como cualquier movimiento corporal producido por los músculos esqueléticos que dan como resultado el gasto de energía.
Va a depender de las características y condiciones de cada persona. Sin embargo, al planear un programa de ejercicio se debe considerar:
5 minutos de calentamiento
30 minutos de actividad aeróbica
5 a 10 minutos de estiramiento y enfriamiento

Recuerda: "El cuerpo humano ha sido diseñado para moverse y por tanto requiere realizar ejercicio de forma regular para mantenerse funcional, fuerte y sano."

Estrés
Se entiende por estrés aquella situación en la cual las presiones externas (sociales) o las presiones internas (psicológicas) superan nuestra capacidad de respuesta.
Se provoca así una alarma orgánica que actúa sobre los sistemas nervioso, cardiovascular, endocrino e inmunológico, produciendo un desequilibrio y la consiguiente aparición de enfermedad.

"Abundantes beneficios esperan a quienes descubren el secreto de encontrar la oportunidad de llevar un Estilo de Vida Saludable"

Alcaldía  Medellín, Secretaria de salud. Sustancias Psicoactivas. Promoción de salud mental. Disponible en: https://www.medellin.gov.co/irj/go/km/docs/wpccontent/Sites/Subportal%20del%20Ciudadano/Salud/Secciones/Programas%20y%20Proyectos/Documentos/2009/Salud%20Mental/Cartilla%20Saludable.pdf

OM-C Institución de salud. Un estilo de vida saludable. Disponible en:
http://www.omcsalud.com/articulos/un-estilo-de-vida-saludable/.



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